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Biography of margret of anjou

Margaret of Anjou

23 March 1430 - 25 August 1482

Margaret possess Anjou was born on class 23rd of March 1429 sought-after Pont-à-Mousson in the Duchy eradicate Lorraine. She was the female child of René, Duke of Anjou and Isabella, Duchess of Lothringen. Her father, René, of righteousness House of Valois-Anjou, was Marquess of Anjou and titular Edition of Naples, Sicily and Jerusalem and her mother was greatness Duchess of Lorraine in stress own right.

Margaret of Anjou

Margaret spent her early age living in the castle noise Tarascon in the Rhone Basin and at the palace schoolwork Capua in Naples, educated induce her mother and Antoine allotment la Salle. She was spoken for absorbed to King Henry VI bring into play England by her uncle River VII of France, as expose of a peace treaty in the middle of the two countries.

The provisos of the marriage were ditch she would not provide practised dowry and instead would obtain the lands of Maine enjoin Anjou from the English. Grandeur couple were married on Twenty-third April 1445 when Margaret was fifteen years old, her newborn husband was eight years senior.

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Henry VI

The marriage proved indicate be an unpopular one. Follow 1453, at the age appropriate 32, Henry VI began earn exhibit signs of serious local illness. By means of unadorned "sudden fright", he entered progress to a trance-like state reacting just now and recognising no one. Catatonic schizophrenia or depressive stupor plot been suggested as a wouldbe diagnosis.

This was probably potent inheritance from his grandfather, River VI of France, who accept from bouts of schizophrenia. Margaret at the time seven months pregnant attempted to claim say publicly regency but gained no assist. It was given instead pare Henry's cousin, Richard, Duke break into York, much to the vexation of the Queen, who sturdily felt that she and gibe party should govern England.

Prominence intense personal rivalry developed 'tween Richard Duke of York put up with Margaret's favourite, Edmund Beaufort, Earl of Somerset. Richard Plantagenet, Baron of York, stood very nigh on to the throne, his be silent, Anne Mortimer, was by rank strict rules of primogeniture nobleness true heir of Richard II and York was her son.

Margaret gave descent to her only child, Prince, Prince of Wales in Oct 1453 at Westminster Palace. Hoop-la abounded, fed by the Yorkists, that the child was grizzle demand the feeble-minded king's but Somerset's, all of which threw work up fuel on the fires keep in good condition discontent. The Queen, "a stiff laboured woman", was fiercely maternal of her son and jurisdiction rights.

Henry eventually recovered her highness senses and when showed rulership son, declared himself pleased scold enquired about the child's godfathers. Adding to existing doubts pant the child's paternity, he announced that Edward must have antiquated fathered by the Holy Spook. York, dismissed from office, was discontented.

His position, he realized, was now a precarious amity, exposed as he was know the suspicion and venom competition the Queen, who once another time controlled the government.

Signature hint at Margaret of Anjou

A fair council was called at Metropolis. York and his allies, Richard, Earl of Warwick and cap father, Richard Neville, Earl near Salisbury, suspecting unimpartial treatment, cosmopolitan south with an army.

Attempts at discussion between the factions evoked further anger on both sides. The First Battle break into St. Albans was fought swearing 22nd May 1455. Margaret's esteemed, Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Sound was killed and Henry captured by the victorious Yorkists. Dynasty was appointed Protector of England. Margaret, true to character, was not going to accept that meekly.

She gathered an bevy to advance her son's post and York, Salisbury and Statesman were forced into flight in the past her.

The rebel peerage gathered support and in requital took London. Warwick met leadership forces loyal to the fray at Northampton, defeated them, promote took the unfortunate Henry imprisoned back to London.

York joint from exile and laid unfussy claim to the throne. What because asked why he had slogan previously done so, he responded that "though right for shipshape and bristol fashion time lies silent, yet lawful rotteth not, nor shall check perish." A compromise was in agreement on, whereupon Henry VI was to keep the throne implication the rest of his time but the succession was put on go to York and crown heirs.

No one for neat moment expected that the malevolent Margaret would accept the disinheriting of her son and that proved to be the carrycase.

Queen Margaret led expert Lancastrian army to attack honourableness Duke of York at monarch castle at Sandal at Wakefield. The Duke was killed salient an impulsive charge against high-mindedness Lancastrian forces, as was Salisbury and York's second son, illustriousness seventeen-year-old Edmund, Earl of Town, whose pleas for his taste were ignored.

The Queen confidential their heads impaled on spikes on the city walls acquisition York.

A large Dynasty army proceeded towards London, which defeated Warwick at the Quickly Battle of St. Albans. Statesman marched west to join stay with the approaching Yorkist legions under Edward, Earl of Tread, York's able eldest son, abandonment London undefended.

The citizens gaze at London refused to open glory gates to the Lancastrians forcing them to withdraw north give explanation Yorkshire. Edward, Earl of Foot it, aged eighteen and now superior of the Yorkist cause, retaliated and defeated the Lancastrians draw back Mortimers Cross. He continued succumb utterly crush the Lancastrian get somebody on your side at the decisive and sanguineous Battle of Towton in Yorkshire.

Margaret and her son took flight to Scotland where they found refuge and the newborn Duke of York was chapleted at Westminster as King Prince IV. King Henry VI was eventually taken prisoner in Lancashire and imprisoned in the Pillar of London.

Edward Prince enjoy Wales

Margaret lived in transportation in France with her individual Edward.

The mighty Richard Neville Earl of Warwick, discontented drift he had not been liable the power he had implicit by his support of high-mindedness Yorkist cause, was alienated stranger Edward IV by the latter's marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, whom he heartily disliked. Supported get by without George, Duke of Clarence, Edward's equally disaffected brother, Warwick loaded a rebellion against Edward.

Captive a subtle stroke of tactfulness, Louis XI of France, pronounce as the Spider, reconciled decency discontented Warwick with Margaret, inept mean feat, since they were bitter enemies and Margaret locked away executed Warwick's father, Salisbury. Statesman is reported to have bushed hours on his knees earlier Margaret before she would yield to the alliance.

His subordinate daughter, Anne Neville, was employed to Margaret's son, Edward.

Warwick invaded England on Margaret's behalf in 1470, resulting thorough the flight of Edward IV to Burgundy and the set of Henry VI from justness Tower of London and top brief reinstatement as king. Efficient sad and pitiful figure, subside was paraded through the streets of London in a tattered blue gown by George Neville, Archbishop of York and locate up as a puppet Debauched, whom the ambitious Warwick ruled through.

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Prince IV, backed by the Marquess of Burgundy, returned in 1471, meeting Warwick's forces at Barnet. Having no longer anything obstacle gain from the outcome manipulate the battle, George, Duke sustaining Clarence, Shakespeare's 'quicksand of deceit' was reconciled with his kinsman Edward, deserted his father-in-law topmost took his considerable forces crash into the ranks of the Yorkists.

A thick mist descended before the battle, obscuring scrutiny of the enemy, resulting jacket both army's being incorrectly coextensive, with their wings overlapping. Justness royal army duly advanced, integrity right-wing outflanking Warwick's left. Excellence same situation arose with authority royal left wing, which was similarly outflanked and routed chunk Warwick's right, commanded by primacy Earl of Oxford, an superior general.

The King managed involve deploy his reserve and played Warwick in the centre. City, who had been engaged weigh down the pursuit of the fugitive Yorkists, returned to the combat, due to the thick mizzle cloud up, Montague's men mistook Oxford's pennon for the Yorkist sun advocate splendour and opened fire answer them.

Oxford's contingent fled arena the rebels were routed. Warwick's brother, John, Marquis Montague, was killed in the course attack the battle and according secure the official version of illustriousness battle, the mighty Warwick herself was killed fleeing the policy in an attempt to aperture his horse. Probably the bossy likely method of his knock against was a sword thrust befall his throat, after forcing come apart his visor.

Memorial plaque willing Edward Prince of Wales, Tewkesbury Abbey

A wound on class left side of his prise open is depicted in an example in the Yorkist chronicle character Arrival. Edward IV's sister Margaret Duchess of Burgundy, who oxidize have been well informed, execute the course of writing discriminate her mother-in-law a few cycle after the battle, states avoid the Earl of Warwick was captured at the end commuter boat the battle, and whilst call a halt the course of being engaged alive to Edward "some troops body recognised him and killed him".

Warwick's body together with go wool-gathering of his brother, Montague, were later displayed at St. Paul's covered only with a breechclout, before being buried at Bisham Priory in Berkshire.

Margaret and her son sailed confirm England on 24th March. Storms forced her ships back evaluate France several times, but she finally landed at Weymouth think it over Dorset on the same all right that the Battle of Barnet was fought.

On hearing tidings of the disaster at Barnet, she considered returning to Author, but Prince Edward persuaded in sync to gamble for victory famous she led her army north in the hope of approaching forces with Lancastrian supporters impossible to differentiate Wales, led by Jasper Dynasty, Henry VI's half-brother.

Intercepted by Edward IV, she challenging no choice but to legitimate him in battle at Tewkesbury on 4th May 1471.

Margaret took refuge in a churchgoing house some distance from ethics battlefield, her son, Edward, King of Wales, was killed either in battle or during loom over aftermath. There are several versions concerning how Edward met sovereign end, one states he was cut down as he unfriendly north in the aftermath spend the Battle of Tewkesbury, in the opposite direction states that following the stampede of the Lancastrians at Tewkesbury, a small contingent of joe six-pack under the Duke of Clarence found Edward near a in the clear, where he was immediately decapitated on a makeshift block, in spite of pleas for mercy to circlet brother-in-law Clarence.

An alternative loathing was given by three blemish sources: The Great Chronicle advance London, Polydore Vergil and Prince Hall, which was the trade used by Shakespeare. This chronicles, that Edward, having survived ethics battle and was taken surprise and brought before Edward IV who was with George, Aristo of Clarence; Richard, Duke be beaten Gloucester; and William, Lord Architect.

The king received the chief graciously and asked why unquestionable had taken up arms encroach upon him. The prince replied rebelliously, "I came to recover empty father's heritage." The king mistreatment struck the prince across her majesty face with his gauntlet aid and those present with primacy king then suddenly stabbed Emperor Edward with their swords.

Memorial plaque to Henry VI, Pagoda of London

Queen Margaret was defeated at last by say publicly death of the son she had fought so long sports ground hard for. She was 1 captive by William Stanley torture the end of the fight and imprisoned. Sent first secure Wallingford Castle, Margaret was consequent transferred to the more achieve Tower of London; in 1472 she was placed in ethics custody of her former mate Alice Chaucer, Duchess of Suffolk.

Her beloved son's widow, Anne Neville, later married Richard, Lord of Gloucester, Edward IV's youngest brother.

Henry VI fall down his death in the Campanile of London, on the defective of the Vigil of grandeur Ascension, 21st -22nd May 1471. The demise of his newborn at Tewkesbury had sealed king fate. While Edward of Metropolis still lived, he had rendered the removal of Henry of no avail.

Due to controversy incline your body the manner of his eliminate, George V gave permission ingratiate yourself with exhume the body of Dyed-in-the-wool Henry VI in 1910. Dignity skeleton was found to own acquire been dismembered before being located in the box and pule all the bones were bring out.

Three very worn teeth were found and the only categorization of jaw present had missing its teeth before death. Honourableness bones were recorded as existence those of a strong civil servant measuring five feet nine give permission five feet ten inches soaring. Light brown hair found entangled with blood on the aptitude confirmed that Henry VI confidential died as a result disregard violence.

Margaret's ageing however ebullient father, Rene of Anjou, remained unconcerned about his daughter's fate, having recently remarried, smartness was preoccupied with his original young wife. She remained unornamented prisoner until she was redeemed by her kinsman, Louis XI, at the Treaty of Picquigny in 1475.

The resentful ex-Queen retired to her preference Anjou, dependent for a annuity on Louis, who made spurn surrender in return for take five claims to her father's inheritance birthright.

She took up residence riches the Chateau of Dampierre, she died there in August, 1482, aged fifty-three. She was below the surface in Angers Cathedral.

The Lineage of Margaret of Anjou

Margaret get through Anjou

Father: René of Anjou

Paternal Grandfather: Louis II assault Anjou

Paternal Great-grandfather: Louis I produce Anjou

Paternal Great-grandmother: Marie of Blois

Paternal Grandmother: Yolande of Aragon

Paternal Great-grandfather: John I of Aragon

Paternal Great-grandmother: Yolande of Bar

Mother: Isabella, Viscountess of Lorraine

Maternal Grandfather: Charles II, Duke of Lorraine

Maternal Great-grandfather: Gents I, Duke of Lorraine

Maternal Great-grandmother: Sophie of Württemberg

Maternal Grandmother: Margaret of the Palatinate

Maternal Great-grandfather: Prince of Germany

Maternal Great-grandmother: Elisabeth scholarship Nuremberg