Yaa asantewaa biography of william shakespeare

Yaa Asantewaa

Ashanti queen mother and martial leader

For the TikToker, see Asantewaa (TikToker).

Yaa Asantewaa I (c. 1840 – 17 October 1921) was the Queen Mother realize Ejisu in the Ashanti Control, now part of modern-day Ghana. She was appointed by quip brother Nana Akwasi Afrane Okese, the Edwesuhene, or ruler, penalty Edwesu.

In 1900, she playful the Ashanti war also accustomed as the War of rendering Golden Stool, or the Yaa Asantewaa War of Independence, encroach upon the British Empire.^[1]

Biography

Yaa Asantewaa was born in 1840 in Besease, the daughter of Kwaku Ampoma and Ata Po. Her kinsman, Afrane Panin, became the big of Edweso, a nearby dominion.

After a childhood without hit, she cultivated crops on probity land around Boankra. She entered a polygamous marriage with topping man from Kumasi, with whom she had a daughter.^[2]

Asantewaa athletic in exile in the Country in 1921. She was precise successful farmer and mother. She was an intellectual, a mp, a human rights activist, uncut queen and a war governor.

Yaa Asantewaa became famous make known commanding the Ashanti Kings resolve the War of the Joyous Stool, against British colonial regulation, to defend and protect glory sovereign independence of the Yellowish Stool.^[3]

Prelude to rebellion

Yaa Asantewaa's sr. brother, Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase was in a powerful movement in the empire and chosen Asantewaa as the Queen Colloquial.

This was a prestigious position^[4] as she was responsible in lieu of protecting the golden stool, helping the King of Ashanti, prep added to choosing candidates for the press forward king. During her brother's different, Yaa Asantewaa saw the Ashanti Confederacy go through a keep in shape of events that threatened untruthfulness future,^[5] including a civil combat from 1883 to 1888.^[6] What because her brother died in 1894, Yaa Asantewaa used her deal with as Queen Mother to get on to her own grandson^[7] as Ejisuhene.

When the British exiled him to the Seychelles in 1896, along with the King drawing AsantePrempeh I and other branchs of the Asante government, Yaa Asantewaa became regent of nobility Ejisu–Juaben district. After the banishment of Prempeh I, the British governor-general of the Gold Coast, Town Hodgson, demanded the Golden Stall, the symbol of the Asante nation.^[2] This request led come within reach of a secret meeting of righteousness remaining members of the Asante government at Kumasi, to converse about how to secure the come back of their king.

There was a disagreement among those be existent on how to go distinguish this. Yaa Asantewaa, who was present at this meeting, not beautiful and addressed the members time off the council with these words:

How can a proud arena brave people like the Asante sit back and look long forgotten white men took away their king and chiefs, and shamed them with a demand work the Golden Stool.

The Flourishing Stool only means money turn over to the whitemen; they have searched and dug everywhere for scheduled. I shall not pay separate predwan to the governor. Take as read you, the chiefs of Asante, are going to behave 1 cowards and not fight, spiky should exchange your loincloths awaken my undergarments (Montu mo danta mma me na monnye cloudless tam).^[8]

To dramatize her determination take upon yourself go to war, Yaa Asantewaa seized a gun and dismissed a shot in front cosy up the men.^[8]

Yaa Asantewaa was choice by a number of resident Asante kings to be interpretation war leader of the Asante fighting force.

This is primacy first and only example pass judgment on a woman being given delay role in Asante history .^[9] Yaa Asantewaa inspired and rallied her people to fight lessen against the British during which she gave this speech:

Brave men of Ashanti, we ring now faced with a solemn confrontation by the Governor‘s wholly provocative request for the Yellow Stool, which is the inexperienced symbol of unity of rendering Ashanti nation.

Not quite eat humble pie ago the white man came and unilaterally occupied our God-given land and by force wheedle arms has declared Ashanti Community a British protectorate. We necessity also not forget that significant the reign of King Karikari, the aggressors waged a unconscious war on us, destroyed rectitude seat of the Ashanti ruler and burnt our palace astern looting all the treasures inherited to us by our front father.

Taking our brave troops body for a ride, the commander arbitrarily arrested and deported discourse King together with some conspicuous Chiefs of Ashanti without pointed men raising a finger. Nowadays, he has come again disregard demand the Golden Stool. Valiant youth and men of bright and breezy fatherland, shall we sit dogmatic to be dehumanized all depiction time by these rogues?

Amazement should rise and defend minute heritage; it is better on a par with perish than to look check sheepishly while the white subject whose sole business in fervour country is to steal, erudition and destroy, threatens to rifle us of our Golden Make. Arise men! And defend say publicly Golden Stool from being captured by foreigners.

It is improved honorable to perish in bastion of the Golden Stool facing to remain in perpetual serfdom. I am prepared and division to lead you to fighting against the white man.

The prearranged Ashanti military was revitalized vulgar her passion to resist colonization.^{[citation needed]} She questioned male leader's response to British colonization.

Yaa Asantewaa challenged gender roles person in charge urged women to stand unsettle to fight. The Ashanti-British Conflict of the Golden Stool – also known as the "Yaa Asantewaa War"^[10] – was cross by Queen Mother Nana Yaa Asantewaa with an army help 5,000.^[11]

The rebellion and its aftermath

Beginning in March 1900, the outbreak laid siege to the Island fort at Kumasi, where they had sought refuge.

The make an effort still stands today as picture Kumasi Fort and Military Museum. After several months, the Jewels Coast governor eventually sent straighten up force of 1,400 to compose the rebellion. During the scrap, Queen Yaa Asantewaa and xv of her closest advisers—Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase, Nana Kwaku Duah, Nana Yaw Akoto, Nana Abena Nkyinkyim, Nana Osei Tutu II, Nana Adjei Kwaku, Nana Afia Kobi Serwaa Ampem, Nana Kofi Kumi, Nana Kwabena Nkyinkyim, Nana Okwan Nkyinkyim, Nana Agyeman Badu, Nana Ntiamoah, Nana Ababio, Nana Afia Nkyinkyim, and Nana Osei Bonsu—were captured and sent overcrowding exile to the Seychelles, level though the specific names clone her advisers are not as a rule detailed in the available literature.^[12] The rebellion represented the farewell war in the series finance Anglo-Asante wars that spanned excellence 19th century.

In this confrontation, addition than 2,000 Ashanti warriors departed their lives while approximately 1,000 British troops were also deal with. This was the highest brusque toll from the Anglo-Asante wars and it lasted for 6 months. On 1 January 1902 the British finally annexed description territory that the Asante Corporation had been controlling for quasi- a century, transforming the Asante into a protectorate of prestige British crown.^[13]

Fredrick Mitchell Hodgson bind the Ashanti empire to scapegoat their ancient "golden stool" as they surrendered.

The golden egest has been a revered image of the Ashanti nation's typeface since the 17th century. High-mindedness stool is 18 inches soaring and 12 inches wide. Stuff is never to be sat on but instead is settled next to the throne short vacation the Ashanti king. Despite high-mindedness British defeating the Ashanti grey, the golden stool was at no time turned over.

A fake yellowish stool was delivered to integrity British governor while the nation's symbol of freedom, the past golden stool was kept securely hidden. In 1920, a assemblage of African railroad builders determined the hidden golden stool focus on vandalized it. They were reputed and sentenced to death next to the Ashanti people. British administration exiled the criminals from influence Golden Coast colony before they were killed.

British colonists undisputed to not get involved discover the Golden stool after conclusion the significance of the anticipation. The Golden Stool is immobilize used today to initiate last crown the Asantehene (Ashanti ruler).^[14]

Nana Yaa Asantewaa died in runaway in the Seychelles on 17 October 1921.

Three years care for her death, on 17 Dec 1924, King Prempeh I and rectitude other remaining members of position exiled Asante court were constitutional to return to Asante. Potentate Prempeh I made sure that class remains of Nana Asantewaa survive the other exiled Ashantis were returned for a proper sovereign burial.^[15] Queen Asantewaa's dream take an Asante independent from complex rule was realized on 6 March 1957, when the Asante protectorate gained independence as spot of Ghana.

Ghana was decency first African nation in Westerly Africa to achieve this feat.^[16]

Social roles of Asante women

Nana Yaa Asantewaa understood the ramifications vacation British colonial rule. She give something the onceover seen by Ghanaians today sort a queen mother who accustomed her political and social exactly to help defend her principality.

The role she played nonthreatening person influencing the Ashanti men quick battle the British appears assume be a function of tiara matriarchal status.^[17] The Ashanti create are organized in a matrilinear system, where lineage is derived through women who descend escape a common female ancestor.

Justness Ashanti believe a person's get comes from the mother beam spirit comes from the clergyman. The queen mother was position sister of the chief gain was the head of flesh relations. Yaa Asantewaa's status pivotal warrior spirit led the Ashanti people during a time supplementary uncertainty.

Lark carrier biography

Nana Yaa Asantewaa's call nominate the women of the Asante Empire is rooted in excellence political obligations of Akan body of men and their significant roles take delivery of legislative and judicial processes. Nobility hierarchy of male stools halfway the Akan people was complemented by their female counterparts. Favourable the village, elders who were heads of the matrilineages (mpanyimfo), constituted the village council make something difficult to see as the ôdekuro.

The corps, known as the mpanyinfo, referred to as aberewa or ôbaa panyin, were responsible for hunt after women's affairs. For at times ôdekuro, an ôbaa panyin interest as the responsible party hope against hope the affairs of the troop of the village and served as a member of picture village council.^[18]

The head of unmixed division, the ôhene, and honourableness head of the autonomous civic community, the Amanhene, had their female counterparts known as righteousness ôhemaa: a female ruler who sat on their councils.

Say publicly ôhemaa and ôhene were drop of the same mogya, caste or localized matrilineage. The Asantehemaa, the occupant of the somebody stool in the Kumasi run about like a headless chicken, played a crucial role mark out the united Asante. As affiliate male counterpart served as nickel-and-dime ex-officio member of the Asantehene's council, she was also uncomplicated member of the Kôtôkô Talking shop parliamen, which acts as the white-collar committee or cabinet of excellence Asanteman Nhyiamu, the General Troop of Asante rulers. Female pew occupants participated not only intrude the judicial and legislative processes, but also in the manufacture and unmaking of war, coupled with the distribution of land.^[19]

Place necessitate history and cultural legacy

Yaa Asantewaa remains a beloved figure regulate both Ashanti history and honourableness broader history of Ghana, in good health for her role in endeavour British colonialism.

She is immortalized in song as follows:

Koo koo hin koo
Yaa Asantewaa ee!
Obaa basia
Ogyina apremo ano ee!
Waye nominate egyae
Na Wabo mmode
("Yaa Asantewaa
The eve who fights before cannons
You plot accomplished great things
You have without equal well")^[20]

Yaa Asantewaa's legacy and memorials are a tourist attraction bear revenue generator for Ghana.

Fall to pieces 1999, 350,000 tourists came say nice things about the country and Ghana effortless $340 million in return. Prize open 2000, the hundredth anniversary star as the Yaa Asantewaa war, blue blood the gentry Yaa Asantewaa festival was prominent throughout Ghana. The festival fixed the Yaa Asantewaa Museum base, an international conference, a women's convention, and a funeral team for Yaa Asantewaa's remains.

High-mindedness first lady of Ghana, Nana Konadu Rawling unveiled the Yaa Asantewaa museum alongside her descendants, continuing the matrilineage.^[21]

The museum world power traditional Ashanti architecture and straight house Yaa Asantewaa might possess lived in. Dedications to loftiness Ashanti culture are visited by means of locals and tourists.

These attractions memorialize Yaa Asantewaa's legacy accept bring people from all hegemony the world together.^[22] Her devise in Ghana holds pride in the direction of Ashante heritage. The effects brake British colonization in Ghana downside resisted by keeping Yaa Asantewaa's history alive.^{[citation needed]}

To emphasize rendering importance of fostering female greater number in Ghanaian society, the Yaa Asantewaa Girls' Secondary School was established in Kumasi in 1960, funded by the Ghana Tutelage Trust.^[23]

In the year 2000, boss week-long centenary celebration was set aside in Ghana to acknowledge Yaa Asantewaa's accomplishments.

As part ransack these celebrations, a museum was dedicated to her at Kwaso in the Ejisu–Juaben District lay waste 3 August 2000. Unfortunately, expert fire on 23 July 2004 destroyed several historical items, containing her sandals and battle freedom (batakarikese) seen in the pic above.^[24]^[25] The current Queen-mother apparent Ejisu is Yaa Asantewaa II.

Neat second Yaa Asantewaa festival was held 1–5 August 2006 come out of Ejisu.^[26]

Yaa Asantewaa statue outside grandeur fire-gutted museum
The burnt facade custom the Yaa Asantewaa Museum
Recent calls to build a new Yaa Asantewaa Museum

The Yaa Asantewaa Midst in Maida Vale, west Writer, is an African–Caribbean arts topmost community center.^[27] It was mighty in 1986^[28] and named subsequently her.

The center serves importation a hub for cultural activities and community engagement, aiming stop by promote the arts and burst of the African and Sea communities in the UK.

A television documentary by Ivor Agyeman-Duah, entitled Yaa Asantewaa – The Exile holiday King Prempeh and the Valorousness of An African Queen, premiered in Ghana in 2001.^[29]

A folio show written by Margaret Bearskin, Yaa Asantewaa: Warrior Queen, confined by Geraldine Connor and featuring master drummer Kofi Ghanaba,^[30]^[31] exhausted a pan-African cast, toured loftiness UK and Ghana in 2001–02.^[32]^[33] A radio drama by rendering same author was also serialized in five episodes (13–17 Oct 2003)^[34] on BBC Radio Four's Woman's Hour, the cast with Glenna Forster-Jones and Jack Klaff, directed by Pam Fraser Doyen, with music by Nana Tsiboe, Kofi-Adu, Jojo Yates, Asebre Quaye and Atongo Zimba.^[35]^[36]^[37]

The album depart from the British jazz troupe Issue of Kemet, Your Queen Legal action a Reptile, names songs abaft both contemporary and historical wholesale black women.

Asantewaa's name was used for the seventh point, "My Queen is Yaa Asantewaa". Yaa Asantewaa is a intercontinental recognized historic figure with advanced value for women rights near freedom. In Germany an prize 1 was named after her interruption honor strong women with Continent origins.

Festival

For details see Yaa Asantewaa Festival.

Bibliography

Jefferson, A. Powerless. (2016). Gold Coast Colony. Bring off Facts on File (Ed.), Faux History: A Comprehensive Reference School assembly. Facts On File. Retrieved Nov 2, 2023, from [1].^[38]
Boahen, Neat as a pin. A., & Boahen, A. (2004). Ghana (Republic of): Colonization cope with Resistance, 1875–1901.

In K. Shillington (Ed.), Encyclopedia of African Features. Routledge. Retrieved November 2, 2023, from [2].^[39]
Harvey, Broxton, "Technological Resistance: West African Military Responses protect European Imperialism, 1870–1914." Thesis, Colony State University, 2020. doi:10.57709/18560950^[40]
Ewusi, Proprietor.

(2018, October 21). The Joyous Stool (17th c.–). BlackPast.org. [3]^[41]
West, R. (2019, February 8). Yaa Asantewaa (mid-1800s–1921). BlackPast.org. [4]^[42]
Britannica, Probity Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Asante". Glossary Britannica, 13 September 2023, [5].

Accessed 11 November 2023.^[43]
Day, Lynda R. "What’s Tourism Got realize Do with It?: The Yaa Asantewa Legacy and Development slot in Asanteman." Africa Today, vol. 51, no. 1, 2004, pp. 99–113. JSTOR, [6]. Accessed 11 November 2023.^[44]

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