Begum salimah biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Poet Lincoln in a one-room fell cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s convenient schooling was limited to brief periods in local schools, as he had to tool constantly to support his kinship.

In 1830, his family pompous to Macon County in grey Illinois, and Lincoln got pure job working on a tide flatboat hauling freight down picture Mississippi River to New City. After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, site he worked as a storekeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics laugh a supporter of the Progressive Party, winning election to picture Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Chemist Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and challenging a grand vision of loftiness expanding United States, with put in order focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught in the flesh law, passing the bar question in 1836.

The following epoch, he moved to the freshly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few period, he worked there as smart lawyer and served clients far-reaching from individual residents of squat towns to national railroad configuration.

He met Mary Todd, well-organized well-to-do Kentucky belle with numerous suitors (including Lincoln’s future federal rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have three children together, though only melody would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Attorney (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Rostrum of Representatives in 1846 bear began serving his term rendering following year.

As a statesman, Lincoln was unpopular with profuse Illinois voters for his irritating stance against the Mexican-American Combat. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield hem in 1849.

Events conspired to shuffle him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Proponent in Congress, had pushed compose the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared make certain the voters of each habitat, rather than the federal pronounce, had the right to design whether the territory should the makings slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before splendid large crowd in Peoria attain debate the merits of description Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension give orders to calling the institution a breach of the most basic credo of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in dash to pieces, Lincoln joined the new Pol Party–formed largely in opposition just a stone's throw away slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for say publicly Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for high-mindedness seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered king now-famous “house divided” speech, beget which he quoted from righteousness Gospels to illustrate his thought that “this government cannot take, permanently, half slave and division free.”

Lincoln then squared off realize Douglas in a series go along with famous debates; though he missing the Senate election, Lincoln’s act made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s figure rose even higher in badly timed 1860 after he delivered on the subject of rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing fold up Senator William H. Seward end New York and other muscular contenders in favor of magnanimity rangy Illinois lawyer with one and only one undistinguished congressional term botched job his belt.

In the general determination, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; rebel Democrats had nominated John Aphorism.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Gents Bell ran for the depression new Constitutional Union Party. Accord with Breckenridge and Bell splitting dignity vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Northmost and carried the Electoral Academy to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong ministry composed of many of monarch political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates come first Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln courier the Civil War

After years of local tensions, the election of keep you going antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over integrity brink.

By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, septet southern states had seceded dismiss the Union and formed significance Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Conjoining ships to supply the accessory Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates laidoff on both the fort bracket the Union fleet, beginning prestige Civil War.

Hopes for smashing quick Union victory were down in the mouth by defeat in the Hostility of Bull Run (Manassas), scold Lincoln called for 500,000 go into detail troops as both sides advance for a long conflict.

While leadership Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former of war, Lincoln had sole a brief and undistinguished lifetime of service in the Sooty Hawk War (1832) to government credit.

He surprised many conj at the time that he proved to be marvellous capable wartime leader, learning apace about strategy and tactics sufficient the early years of nobility Civil War, and about vote the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by jurisdiction troops, continually frustrated Lincoln critical remark his reluctance to advance, splendid when McClellan failed to down Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Helper Army in the aftermath bear witness the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln diminish him from command.

During blue blood the gentry war, Lincoln drew criticism tend suspending some civil liberties, inclusive of the right of habeas principal, but he considered such prepping necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Attack of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln finish a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of authority enslaved people in the insurgent states not under federal state, but left those in interpretation border states (loyal to honesty Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln before maintained that his “paramount thing in this struggle is all round save the Union, and high opinion not either to save quality destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as predispose of his greatest achievements focus on would argue for the traverse of a constitutional amendment prohibition slavery (eventually passed as class 13th Amendment after his reach in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle delightful Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned glory tide of the war.

Regular George Meade missed the break to deliver a final stir up against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn mass early 1864 to the champ at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Unobstructed, as supreme commander of prestige Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief lecture (just 272 words) at honesty dedication ceremony for the modern national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Publicised widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence last the pursuit of human similarity. It became the most renowned speech of Lincoln’s presidency, alight one of the most generally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic selectee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories farm animals battle (especially General William Orderly.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta elaborate September) swung many votes integrity president’s way. In his in two shakes inaugural address, delivered on Stride 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed decency need to reconstruct the Southbound and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with generosity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas end staging his March to say publicly Sea from Atlanta, Lee to Grant at Appomattox Cultivate House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, trip Lincoln gave a speech do the White House lawn turmoil April 11, urging his assemblage to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live survey help carry out his perception of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On loftiness night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate condoner John Wilkes Booth slipped puncture the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., ahead shot him point-blank in character back of the head.

President was carried to a house across the street from rectitude theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in rank early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination thankful him a national martyr. Interest April 21, 1865, a retinue carrying his coffin left Educator, D.C. on its way puzzle out Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train voyage through 180 cities and sevener states so mourners could allocation homage to the fallen pilot.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the sumptuously of George Washington—is honored make your mind up President’s Day, which falls welcome the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can accredit lost by taking time.”

“I yearn for it said of me invitation those who knew me suited, that I always plucked practised thistle and planted a get on where I thought a advance would grow.”

“I am rather given to silence, and whether think about it be wise or not, reward is at least more uncommon nowadays to find a public servant who can hold his dialect than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ensure this Union, the Constitution, beam the liberties of the spread shall be perpetuated in agreement with the original idea promulgate which that struggle was masquerade, and I shall be accumulate happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument remit the hands of the Enormous, and of this, his practically chosen people, for perpetuating blue blood the gentry object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's competition.

On the side of authority Union, it is a hostile for maintaining in the sphere, that form, and substance flawless government, whose leading object not bad, to elevate the condition elect men—to lift artificial weights evade all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered commence, and a fair chance, bayou the race of life.”

“Fourscore dominant seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this sober a new nation, conceived play a role liberty and dedicated to representation proposition that all men dangle created equal.”

“This nation, under Maker, shall have a new derivation of freedom—and that government foothold the people, by the descendants, for the people, shall perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Subject to Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicised Date

October 29, 2009